Staff Profile
Emmett Duffy Photo

Biography

Emmett Duffy is Director of the Smithsonian’s Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network, which coordinates the developing MarineGEO program. MarineGEO is building a worldwide partnership to administer an annual health exam for coastal marine life: documenting how and why coastal sea life is changing, and how that change affects resilience of the marine ecosystems humans depend on. The research focuses on biological diversity as the heart of healthy marine ecosystems and how they respond together to global change. Duffy is a marine biologist who has worked in seagrass and coral reef ecosystems around the world. He has contributed to scientific syntheses linking biodiversity to ecosystem health, the US National Climate Assessment, and visioning for development of an international Marine Biodiversity Observation Network. He was awarded an Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellowship in 2006, Japan’s inaugural Kobe Prize in Marine Biology in 2011, and a Virginia Outstanding Faculty award in 2013. Duffy came to the Smithsonian in 2013 after 19 years at the College of William and Mary’s Virginia Institute of Marine Science. 

Publications (Google Scholar)

Publications

  • Aoki, Lillian R. ; Ritter, Carmen J. ; Beatty, Deanna S. ; Domke, Lia K. ; Eckert, Ginny L. ; Graham, Olivia J. ; Gomes, Carla P. ; Gross, Collin ; Hawthorne, Timothy L. ; Heery, Eliza ; Hessing‐Lewis, Margot ; Hovel, Kevin ; Koehler, Karl ; Monteith, Zachary L. ; Mueller, Ryan S. ; Olson, Angeleen M. ; Prentice, Carolyn ; Rappazzo, Brendan ; Stachowicz, John J. ; Tomas, Fiona ; Yang, Bo ; Harvell, C. D. ; Duffy, J. E.. (2025). Seagrass wasting disease prevalence and lesion area increase with invertebrate grazing across the northeastern Pacific . Ecology, 106 (1) http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4532
  • Bosch, Nestor E. ; Stuart-Smith, Rick D. ; Laumann, Katie May ; Edgar, Graham J. ; Waldock, Conor ; Duffy, J. Emmett ; Lefcheck, Jonathan S.. (2025). Biotic Mechanisms Strengthen Functional and Phylogenetic Convergence of Reef Fish Assemblages at Higher Latitudes . Journal of Biogeography, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70011
  • Dornelas, Maria ; Antão, Laura H. ; Bates, Amanda E. ; Brambilla, Viviana ; Chase, Jonathan M. ; Chow, Cher F. Y. ; Fontrodona‐Eslava, Ada ; Magurran, Anne E. ; Martins, Inês S. ; Moyes, Faye ; Sagouis, Alban ; Adu‐Acheampong, Samuel ; Acquah‐Lamptey, Daniel ; Adam, Dušan ; Ajani, Penelope A. ; Albaina, Aitor ; Almaraz, Pablo ; An, Jeongseop ; Anderson, Roger Sigismund ; Anderson, Madelaine Jean Robertson ; Antunes, Alexsander Z. ; Arismendi, Ivan ; Armbrecht, Linda ; Aros‐Mardones, Pedro ; Ashtamoorthy, Sreejith Kalpuzha ; Ayyappan, Narayanan ; Badihi, Gal ; Bailey, Joseph J. ; Baird, Andrew H. ; Baird, Mark Edward ; Balakrishnan, Sreekumar Vadakkethil ; Barão‐Nóbrega, José António L. ; Barash, Adi ; Barbosa, Miguel ; Barlow, Jos ; Bässler, Claus ; Beaumont, Matthieu ; Beenaerts, Natalie ; Begot, Tiago Octavio ; Beiroz, Wallace ; Beldade, Ricardo ; Bell, David M. ; Bellgrove, Alecia ; Belmaker, Jonathan ; Benedetti‐Cecchi, Lisandro ; Benkwitt, Cassandra E. ; Berkum, Pamela Medina‐van ; Bestelmeyer, Brandon T. ; Betts, Matthew G. ; Billah, Maxwell Kelvin ; Bjorkman, Anne D. ; Błażewicz, Magdalena ; Bloch, Christopher P. ; Blowes, Shane A. ; Bode, Antonio ; Bogoni, Juliano A. ; Bolger, Thomas ; Bonebrake, Timothy C. ; Bonsdorff, Erik ; Bottarin, Roberta ; Brokensha, Luke N. ; Brooker, Rob W. ; Brooks, Andrew J. ; Bruelheide, Helge ; Bueno, Thiago Almeida ; Laguionie, Claire ; Campagnoli, Mariana Lopes ; Cant, James ; Caramaschi, Erica Pellegrini ; Caron, Alexandre ; Carroll, Tadhg ; Caruso, Tancredi ; Carvajal‐Quintero, Juan ; Castaldelli, Giuseppe ; Castañeda‐Moya, Edward ; Castilho, Pedro V. ; Cechin, Sonia Zanini ; Chaikin, Shahar ; Chandrashekara, Uchangi Manjunatha ; Chase, Tory J. ; Chen, Chaolun Allen ; Cherem, Jorge José ; Choi, Sei‐Woong ; Christensen, Erica M. ; Christianini, Alexander V. ; Chu, Jackson Wing Four ; Coad, Peter ; Van Colen, Carl ; Comte, Lise ; Cooper, Elisabeth J. ; Cornelissen, J. H. ; Cosson, Eddy ; Cotano, Unai ; Crevecoeur, Luc ; Cro.... (2025). BioTIME 2.0: Expanding and Improving a Database of Biodiversity Time Series . Global Ecology and Biogeography, 34 (5) http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.70003
  • Duffy, J. Emmett. (2025). Let’s do this, people . ICES Journal of Marine Science, 82 (7) http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaf112
  • Schenck, F. R. ; Baum, J. K. ; Boyer, K. E. ; Duffy, J. E. ; Fodrie, F. J. ; Gaeckle, J. ; Hanley, T. C. ; Hereu, C. M. ; Hovel, K. A. ; Jorgensen, P. ; Martin, D. L. ; O’Connor, N. E. ; Peterson, B. J. ; Stachowicz, J. J. ; Hughes, A. R.. (2025). Host traits and temperature predict biogeographical variation in seagrass disease prevalence . Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 292 (2040) http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.3055
  • Dang, Pengfei ; Zhang, Miaomiao ; Chen, Xinli ; Loreau, Michel ; Duffy, J. E. ; Li, Xin'e ; Wen, Shuyue ; Han, Xiaoqing ; Liao, Lechen ; Huang, Tiantian ; Wan, Chenxi ; Qin, Xiaoliang ; Siddique, Kadambot H. M. ; Schmid, Bernhard. (2024). Plant diversity decreases greenhouse gas emissions by increasing soil and plant carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems . Ecology Letters, 27 (7) http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.14469
  • Dang, Pengfei ; Zhang, Miaomiao ; Chen, Xinli ; Loreau, Michel ; Duffy, J. E. ; Li, Xin'e ; Wen, Shuyue ; Han, Xiaoqing ; Liao, Lechen ; Huang, Tiantian ; Wan, Chenxi ; Qin, Xiaoliang ; Siddique, Kadambot H. M. ; Schmid, Bernhard. (2024). Plant diversity decreases greenhouse gas emissions by increasing soil and plant carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems . Ecology Letters, 27 (7) http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.14469
  • Gignoux-Wolfsohn, Sarah A. ; Dunn, Daniel C. ; Cleary, Jesse ; Halpin, Patrick N. ; Anderson, Clarissa R. ; Bax, Nicholas J. ; Canonico, Gabrielle ; Chaniotis, Peter ; Deland, Sarah ; Diorio, Mimi ; Gaines, Steven D. ; Grorud-Colvert, Kirsten ; Johnson, David E. ; Levin, Lisa A. ; Lundquist, Carolyn J. ; Manca, Eleonora ; Metaxas, Anna ; Monaco, Mark E. ; Morgan, Lance ; Mumby, Peter J. ; Nisthar, Dina ; Pashkow, Brittany ; Pike, Elizabeth P. ; Pinsky, Malin L. ; Ribera, Marta M. ; Stanley, Ryan R. E. ; Sullivan-Stack, Jenna ; Sutton, Tracey T. ; Tittensor, Derek P. ; Weatherdon, Lauren V. ; Wenzel, Lauren ; Duffy, J. Emmett. (2024). New framework reveals gaps in US ocean biodiversity protection . One Earth, 7 (1) , 31-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2023.12.014
  • Gross, Collin P. ; Duffy, J. E. ; Hovel, Kevin A. ; Reynolds, Pamela L. ; Boström, Christoffer ; Boyer, Katharyn E. ; Cusson, Mathieu ; Eklöf, Johan ; Engelen, Aschwin H. ; Eriksson, Britas Klemens ; Fodrie, F. J. ; Griffin, John N. ; Hereu, Clara M. ; Hori, Masakazu ; Hughes, A. R. ; Ivanov, Mikhail V. ; Jorgensen, Pablo ; Kardish, Melissa R. ; Kruschel, Claudia ; Lee, Kun‐Seop ; Lefcheck, Jonathan ; McGlathery, Karen ; Moksnes, Per‐Olav ; Nakaoka, Masahiro ; O'Connor, Mary I. ; O'Connor, Nessa E. ; Olsen, Jeanine L. ; Orth, Robert J. ; Peterson, Bradley J. ; Reiss, Henning ; Rossi, Francesca ; Ruesink, Jennifer ; Sotka, Erik E. ; Thormar, Jonas ; Tomas, Fiona ; Unsworth, Richard ; Voigt, Erin P. ; Whalen, Matthew A. ; Ziegler, Shelby L. ; Stachowicz, John J.. (2024). A Latitudinal Cline in the Taxonomic Structure of Eelgrass Epifaunal Communities is Associated With Plant Genetic Diversity . Global Ecology and Biogeography, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13918
  • Aoki, Lillian R. ; Yang, Bo ; Graham, Olivia J. ; Gomes, Carla ; Rappazzo, Brendan ; Hawthorne, Timothy L. ; Duffy, J. Emmett ; Harvell, Drew. (2023). UAV High-Resolution Imaging and Disease Surveys Combine to Quantify Climate-Related Decline in Seagrass Meadows . Oceanography, 36 (1) , 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2023.s1.12
  • Brandl, Simon J. ; Weigt, Lee A. ; Pitassy, Diane E. ; Coker, Darren J. ; Patrick, Christopher J. ; Luchese, Matheus H. ; Berumen, Michael L. ; Buskey, Edward J. ; Casey, Jordan M. ; Di Domenico, Maikon ; Soeth, Marcelo ; Topor, Zachary M. ; Duffy, J. Emmett ; Baldwin, Carole C. ; Hagedorn, Mary ; Parenti, Lynne R.. (2023). Using standardized fish-specific autonomous reef monitoring structures (FARMS) to quantify cryptobenthic fish communities . Methods in Ecology and Evolution, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.14085
  • Gonzalez, Andrew ; Vihervaara, Petteri ; Balvanera, Patricia ; Bates, Amanda E. ; Bayraktarov, Elisa ; Bellingham, Peter J. ; Bruder, Andreas ; Campbell, Jillian ; Catchen, Michael D. ; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine ; Chase, Jonathan ; Coops, Nicholas ; Costello, Mark J. ; Czúcz, Bálint ; Delavaud, Aurélie ; Dornelas, Maria ; Dubois, Grégoire ; Duffy, Emmett J. ; Eggermont, Hilde ; Fernandez, Miguel ; Fernandez, Nestor ; Ferrier, Simon ; Geller, Gary N. ; Gill, Michael ; Gravel, Dominique ; Guerra, Carlos A. ; Guralnick, Robert ; Harfoot, Michael ; Hirsch, Tim ; Hoban, Sean ; Hughes, Alice C. ; Hugo, Wim ; Hunter, Margaret E. ; Isbell, Forest ; Jetz, Walter ; Juergens, Norbert ; Kissling, W. Daniel ; Krug, Cornelia B. ; Kullberg, Peter ; Le Bras, Yvan ; Leung, Brian ; Londoño-Murcia, Maria Cecilia ; Lord, Jean-Michel ; Loreau, Michel ; Luers, Amy ; Ma, Keping ; MacDonald, Anna J. ; Maes, Joachim ; McGeoch, Melodie ; Mihoub, Jean Baptiste ; Millette, Katie L. ; Molnar, Zsolt ; Montes, Enrique ; Mori, Akira S. ; Muller-Karger, Frank E. ; Muraoka, Hiroyuki ; Nakaoka, Masahiro ; Navarro, Laetitia ; Newbold, Tim ; Niamir, Aidin ; Obura, David ; O'Connor, Mary ; Paganini, Marc ; Pelletier, Dominique ; Pereira, Henrique ; Poisot, Timothée ; Pollock, Laura J. ; Purvis, Andy ; Radulovici, Adriana ; Rocchini, Duccio ; Roeoesli, Claudia ; Schaepman, Michael ; Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela ; Schmeller, Dirk S. ; Schmiedel, Ute ; Schneider, Fabian D. ; Shakya, Mangal Man ; Skidmore, Andrew ; Skowno, Andrew L. ; Takeuchi, Yayioi ; Tuanmu, Mao-Ning ; Turak, Eren ; Turner, Woody ; Urban, Mark C. ; Urbina-Cardona, Nicolás ; Valbuena, Ruben ; Van de Putte, Anton ; van Havre, Basile ; Wingate, Vladimir Ruslan ; Wright, Elaine ; Torrelio, Carlos Zambrana. (2023). Author Correction: A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action . Nature Ecology & Evolution, 7 (12) , 2173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-023-02263-x
  • Gonzalez, Andrew ; Vihervaara, Petteri ; Balvanera, Patricia ; Bates, Amanda E. ; Bayraktarov, Elisa ; Bellingham, Peter J. ; Bruder, Andreas ; Campbell, Jillian ; Catchen, Michael D. ; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine ; Chase, Jonathan ; Coops, Nicholas ; Costello, Mark J. ; Czúcz, Bálint ; Delavaud, Aurélie ; Dornelas, Maria ; Dubois, Grégoire ; Duffy, Emmett J. ; Eggermont, Hilde ; Fernandez, Miguel ; Fernandez, Nestor ; Ferrier, Simon ; Geller, Gary N. ; Gill, Michael ; Gravel, Dominique ; Guerra, Carlos A. ; Guralnick, Robert ; Harfoot, Michael ; Hirsch, Tim ; Hoban, Sean ; Hughes, Alice C. ; Hugo, Wim ; Hunter, Margaret E. ; Isbell, Forest ; Jetz, Walter ; Juergens, Norbert ; Kissling, W. Daniel ; Krug, Cornelia B. ; Kullberg, Peter ; Le Bras, Yvan ; Leung, Brian ; Londoño-Murcia, Maria Cecilia ; Lord, Jean-Michel ; Loreau, Michel ; Luers, Amy ; Ma, Keping ; MacDonald, Anna J. ; Maes, Joachim ; McGeoch, Melodie ; Mihoub, Jean Baptiste ; Millette, Katie L. ; Molnar, Zsolt ; Montes, Enrique ; Mori, Akira S. ; Muller-Karger, Frank E. ; Muraoka, Hiroyuki ; Nakaoka, Masahiro ; Navarro, Laetitia ; Newbold, Tim ; Niamir, Aidin ; Obura, David ; O'Connor, Mary ; Paganini, Marc ; Pelletier, Dominique ; Pereira, Henrique ; Poisot, Timothée ; Pollock, Laura J. ; Purvis, Andy ; Radulovici, Adriana ; Rocchini, Duccio ; Roeoesli, Claudia ; Schaepman, Michael ; Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela ; Schmeller, Dirk S. ; Schmiedel, Ute ; Schneider, Fabian D. ; Shakya, Mangal Man ; Skidmore, Andrew ; Skowno, Andrew L. ; Takeuchi, Yayioi ; Tuanmu, Mao-Ning ; Turak, Eren ; Turner, Woody ; Urban, Mark C. ; Urbina-Cardona, Nicolás ; Valbuena, Ruben ; Van de Putte, Anton ; van Havre, Basile ; Wingate, Vladimir Ruslan ; Wright, Elaine ; Torrelio, Carlos Zambrana. (2023). A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action . Nature Ecology & Evolution, 7 (12) , 1947-1952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-023-02171-0
  • Yan, Helen F. ; Casey, Jordan M. ; Knowlton, Nancy ; Duffy, J. Emmett ; Brandl, Simon J.. (2023). Examining the diversity, stability and functioning of marine fish communities across a latitudinal gradient . Global Ecology and Biogeography, 32 (1) , 166-177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13611
  • Yang, Bo ; Hawthorne, Timothy L. ; Aoki, Lillian ; Beatty, Deanna S. ; Copeland, Tyler ; Domke, Lia K. ; Eckert, Ginny L. ; Gomes, Carla P. ; Graham, Olivia J. ; Harvell, C. Drew ; Hovel, Kevin A. ; Hessing‐Lewis, Margot ; Harper, Leah ; Mueller, Ryan S. ; Rappazzo, Brendan ; Reshitnyk, Luba ; Stachowicz, John J. ; Tomas, Fiona ; Duffy, J. Emmett. (2023). Low-Altitude UAV Imaging Accurately Quantifies Eelgrass Wasting Disease From Alaska to California . Geophysical Research Letters, 50 (4) http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101985

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